Draft chc 8march_final

_______________________________
Indian Public Health Standard (IPHS)
Community Health Centres Level
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Draft Guidelines
Directorate General of Health Services
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Government of India

Executive Summary
Introduction
Requirements in CHC
Quality Assurance in Service Delivery
Checklist.
Annexures
List of Annexures:
1. Revised National Tuberculosis Control programme 3. National Vector-borne Disease Control programme 4. National Leprosy Eradication Programme 6. Integrated Disease Surveillance Project 13. Composition of Task Group III and Consultation Process Executive Summary
The Community Health Centres (CHCs) which constitute the secondary level of health care were designed to provide referral as well as specialist health care to the rural population. These centres are however fulfilling the tasks entrusted to them only to a limited extent. The launch of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) gives us the opportunity to have a fresh look at their functioning. In order to provide Quality Care in these CHCs Indian Public Health Standards
(IPHS) are being prescribed to provide optimal expert care to the community and
achieve and maintain an acceptable standard of quality of care. These standards would help monitor and improve the functioning of the CHCs. Service Delivery:
• All “Assured Services” as envisaged in the CHC should be available, which includes routine and emergency care in Surgery, Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Paediatrics in addition to all the National Health programmes. • Appropriate Guidelines for each National Programme for management of routine and emergency cases are being provided to the CHC. • All the support services to fulfil the above objectives will be strengthened at the Minimum requirement for delivery of the above-mentioned services:
The following requirements are being projected based on an average bed occupancy of 60%. It would be a dynamic process in the sense that if the utilisation goes up, the standards would be further upgraded. As regards manpower, 2 specialists namely Anaesthetist and Public Health programme Manager will be provided on
contractual basis in addition to the available specialists namely Surgery Medicine,
Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Paediatrics. The support manpower will include a Public health Nurse and ANM in addition to the existing staff. An Ophthalmic Assistant will also be need to be provided in centres where Facilities:
The equipment provided under the CSSM is deemed adequate. Physical Infrastructure will be remodelled or rearranged to make best possible use for optimal utilisation. New constructions will follow the specifications provided in this document. Drugs will be as per the list provided with the document. All the support services like laboratory, blood storage etc. will be strengthened. Human Resource Management:
Capacity Building will be ensured at all levels by periodic training of all cadres. Accountability:
It is mandatory for every CHC to have “Rogi Kalyan Samiti” to ensure accountability. Every CHC shall have the Charter of Patients’ Rights displayed prominently at the entrance. A grievance mechanism under the overall supervision of Rogi Kalyan Samitis Quality of services:
Every CHC shall also have the Standard Operating Procedures and Standard Treatment Protocols for common ailments and the National Health Programmes. Social audit by involvement of the community through Consumer Forum and Rogi Kalyan Samitis is being recommended. To maintain quality of services, external monitoring through Panchayati Raj Institutions and internal monitoring at appropriate intervals will be advocated. Guidelines are being provided for management of routine and emergency cases under the National Health Programmes so as to maintain uniformity in management in tune with the National Policy. Indian Public Health Standard for CHC
Introduction
Health care delivery in India has been envisaged at three levels namely primary, secondary and tertiary. The secondary level of health care essentially includes Community Health Centres(CHCs), constituting the First Referral Units(FRUs) and the district hospitals. The CHCs were designed to provide referral health care for cases from the primary level and for cases in need of specialist care approaching the centre directly. 4 PHCs are included under each CHC thus catering to approximately 80,000 population in tribal / hilly areas and 1, 20,000 population in plain areas. CHC is a 30- bedded hospital providing specialist care in medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Surgery and Paediatrics. These centres are however fulfilling the tasks entrusted to them only to a limited extent. The la unch of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) gives us the opportunity to have a fresh look at their functioning. NRHM envisages bringing up the CHC services to the level of Indian Public Health Standards. Although there are already existing standards as prescribed by the Bureau of Indian Standards for 30-bedded hospital, these are at present not achievable as they are very resource-intensive. Under the NRHM, the Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) is being envisaged in each village to promote the health activities. With ASHA in place, there is bound to be a groundswell of demands for health services and the system needs to be geared to face the challenge. Not only does the system require upgradation to handle higher patient load, but emphasis also needs to be given to quality aspects to increase the level of patient satisfaction. In order to ensure quality of services, the Indian Public Health Standards are being set up for CHCs so as to provide a yardstick to measure the services being provided there. This document provides the requirements for a Minimum Functional Grade of a Community Health Centre. Objectives of Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) for CHCs:
• To provide optimal expert care to the community • To achieve and maintain an acceptable standard of quality of care • To make the services more responsive and sensitive to the needs of the Service delivery in CHCs:
Every CHC has to provide the following services which can be known as the Assured • Care of routine and emergency cases in surgery: o This includes Incision and drainage, and surgery for Hernia, hydrocele, Appendicitis, haemorrhoids, fistula, etc. o Handling of emergencies like intestinal obstruction, haemorrhage, etc. • Care of routine and emergency cases in medicine: o Specific mention is being made of handling of all emergencies in relation to the National Health Programmes as per guidelines like Dengue Haemorrhagic fever, cerebral malaria, etc. Appropriate guidelines are already available under each programme, which should be compiled in a single • 24-hour delivery services including normal and assisted deliveries • Essential and Emergency Obstetric Care including surgical interventions like Caesarean Sections and other medical interventions • Full range of family planning services including Laproscopic Services • Safe Abortion Services • New-born Care • Routine and Emergency Care of sick children • Other management including nasal packing, tracheostomy, foreign body removal etc. • All the National Health Programmes (NHP) should be delivered through the CHCs. Integration with the existing programmes like blindness control, Integrated Disease Surveillance Project, is vital to provide comprehensive services. The requirements for the important NHPs are being annexed as separate guidelines with the document. o RNTCP: CHCs are expected to provide diagnostic services through the microscopy centres which are already established in the CHCs and treatment services as per the Technical Guidelines and Operational guidelines for Tuberculosis Control.(Annexure 1) o HIV/AIDS Control programme: The expected services at the CHC level are being provided with this document which may be suitably o National Vector –Borne Disease Control Programme: The CHCs are to provide diagnostic and treatment facilities for routine and complicated cases of malaria, filaria, dengue, Japanese encephalitis and Kala-azar in the o National Leprosy Eradication Programme: The minimum services that are to be available at the CHCs are for diagnosis and treatment of cases and reactions of leprosy along with advice to patient on Prevention of Deformity. o National Programme for Control of Blindness: The eye care services that should be available at the CHC are diagnosis and treatment of common eye diseases, refraction services and surgical services including cataract by IOL implantation at selected CHCs optionally. 1 eye surgeon is being envisaged for every 5 lakh population. (Annexure 5) o Under Integrated Disease Surveillance Project, the related services include services for diagnosis for malaria, Tuberculosis, typhoid and tests for detection of faecal contamination of water and chlorination level. CHC will function as peripheral surveillance unit and collate, analyse and report information to District Surveillance Unit. In outbreak situations, appropriate o Referral (transport) Services: (details given in Annexure 7) Minimum requirement for delivery of the above-mentioned services:
The following requirements are being projected based on the assumption that there will be average bed occupancy of 60%. The strength may be further increased if the occupancy increases with subsequent up gradation. Clinical Manpower:
Personnel
Proposed Desirable qualifications
Justification
requirement
Certificate course in to be utilization of Anaesthesia for one year the surgical specialities. They may be on contractual appointment or hiring of services from private sectors on case-to case basis. science with public health for surveillance, MD/MS/DOMS/DNB/(Ophthal) For every 5 lakh population as per Vision 2020 approved Plan of Action. Certain suggestions for offsetting the deficiencies in the availability of required o Diploma and MD seats for post graduation in Anesthesia to be increased across the country. However care should be taken to only include institutions with assured quality and able to provide adequate clinical o Certificate course for one year in Anesthesia by the National Board of o Diploma and MD seats for post graduation in Public Health to be increased across the country. However care should be taken to only include institutions with assured quality and able to provide adequate field o Persons with DNB degrees in Family Medicine, Hospital Administration, Public Health, Maternal and Child health are to be recognized for the post. o Persons who have completed the Professional Development Course of 3 months with a 9-month field training in recognized training institute may also be eligible for the same. This may also be seen as a career advancement avenue for Medical Officers serving in PHCs who may be eligible for the post after a stint of 3-4 years in PHC and completion of this Support manpower:
Personnel
Existing
Dresser (certified by Red Cross/ 1 St.Johns Ambulance) Pharmacist/compounder Statistical Assistant/Data entry operator OT attendant
Registration clerk
Total Essential
*1 ANM and 1 PHN for family welfare will be appointed under the ASHA scheme ** Ophthalmic assistant may be placed wherever it does not exist through *** Flexibility may rest with the state for recruitment of personnel as per needs. Equipment:
• The list of equipment provided under the CSSM may be referred to as they are deemed to be adequate for providing all services in the CHC. (Annexure 8). Before ordering new sets, the existing equipment should be properly assessed. • For ophthalmic equipment wherever the services are available and equipment required under various National Health programmes are given in respective annexure(1,2, 4, 5, 6), and Blood storage Facilities(Annexure-10). Cold chain equipment are supplied under Immunization Programme. • Maintenance of equipment: It is estimated that 10-15% of the annual budget is • 2 Refrigerators, one for the ward and one for OT should be available in the CHC. Sharing of Refrigerator with the lab should be possible. • Appropriate standards for equipments are already available in the Bureau of Indian Standards. If standards for any equipment are not available, technical specifications for the equipment may be prepared by the technical committee for the process of tendering and procurement. The list of essential drugs and emergency drugs are provided as annexure 9. Programme specific drugs are detailed in the Guidelines under each programme. Investigative facilities at the CHC:
• In addition to the lab facilities in the CHC, ECG should be made available in the CHC with appropriate training to a nursing staff. • All necessary reagents, glass ware and facilities for collecting and transport of Physical Infrastructure:
The CHC should have 30 indoor beds with one Operation theatre, labour room, X-ray facility and laboratory facility. In order to provide these facilities, following are the • Location of the centre: To the extent possible, the centre should be located at
the centre of the block head quarter in order to improve access to the patients. This may be applicable only to centres that are to be newly established. However, priority is to be given to operationalise the existing CHCs.
The building should have areas/ space marked for the following:
o Prominent display boards in local language providing information regarding the services available and the timings of the institute o Pharmacy for drug dispensing and storage o Clean Public utilities separate for males and females o Suggestion/ complaint boxes for the patients/ visitors and also information regarding the person responsible for redressal of complaints. o Clinics for Various Medical Disciplines – These clinics include general medicine, general surgery, dental (optional), obstetric and gynaecology, paediatrics and family welfare. Separate cubicles for general medicine and surgery with separate area for internal examination (privacy) can be provided if there are no separate rooms for each. The cubicles for consultation and examination in all clinics should provide for doctor’s table, chair, patient’s stool, follower’s seat, wash basin, examination couc h o Room shall have, for the admission of light and air, one or more apertures, such as windows and fan lights, opening directly to the external air or into an open verandah. The windows should be in two opposite walls o Family Welfare Clinic – The clinic should provide educative, preventive, diagnostic and curative facilities for maternal, child health, school health and health education. Importance of health education is being increasingly recognized as an effective tool of preventive treatment. People visiting hospital should be informed of environmental hygiene, clean habits, need for taking preventive measures against epidemics, family planning, etc. Treatment room in this clinic should act as operating room for IUCD insertion and investigation, etc. It should be in close o The Drug Dispensary should be located in an area conveniently accessible from all clinics. The dispensary and compounding room should have two dispensing windows, compounding counters and shelves. The pattern of arranging the counters and shelves shall depend on the size of the room. The medicines which require cold storage and blood required for operations and emergencies should be kept in refrigerators. o Emergency Room/ Casualty The emergency cases may be attended by OPD during OPD hours and in inpatient units afterwards. • Wards: Separate for males and females o Nursing Station– The nursing station shall be centered such that it serves all the clinics from that place. The nursing station should be spacious enough to accommodate a medicine chest / a work counter for preparing dressings, medicines, sinks, dressing tables with screen in between and pedal operated bins to hold soiled material. It should have provision for: § Toilets; separate for males and females. § Separate space/ room for patients needing isolation • There should be an area separating OPD and Indoor facility. § Pre-operative and Post-operative(recovery)room § Changing room separate for males and females • Public utilities: Separate for males and femlaes • Physical infrastructure for Support services: § Storage: separate for Dirty linen and clean linen § Outsourcing is recommended after appropriate training of washer man regarding separate treatment for infected and non-infected § Services: Electricity/ telephones/ water/ civil engineering: May be outsourced. Maintenance of proper sanitation in Toilets and other Public utilities should be given utmost attention. Sufficient funding for this purpose must be kept and the services may be outsourced. • Water Supply – Arrangements shall be made to supply 10,000 litres of potable water per day to meet all the requirements (including laundry) except fire fighting. Storage capacity for 2 days requirements should be on the basis of the above consumption. Round the clock water supply shall be made available to all wards and departments of the hospital. Separate reserve emergency overhead tank shall be provided for operation theatre. Necessary water storage overhead tanks with pumping/boosting arrangement shall be made. The laying and distribution of the water supply system shall be according to the provisions of IS: 2065-1983*. Cold and hot water supply piping should be run in concealed form embedded into wall with full precautions to avoid any seepage. Geyser in O.T. / L.R. and one in ward also should be provided. Wherever feasible solar • Emergency lighting – Emergency portable/fixed light units should also be provided in the wards and departments to serve as alternative source of light in case of power failure. Generator back-up should be available in all facilities. Generator should be of good capacity. Use of solar energy • Telephone: minimum two direct lines with intercom facility • Administrative zone: Separate rooms should be available for Capacity building:
• Training of all cadres of worker at periodic intervals is an essential component. • Multi-skill training for paramedical workers Quality Assurance in Service delivery:
• Quality of service should be maintained at all levels. Standard treatment protocol for all national programmes and locally common diseases should be made available at all CHCs. Standard Treatment protocol: is the “Heart” of
quality and cost of care. All the efforts that are being made to improve “hardware i.e. infrastructure” and “software i.e. human resources” are necessary but NOT sufficient. These need to be guided by Standard Treatment Protocols. Some of the states have • Diet: Diet may either be outsourced or adequate space for cooking should be o Adequate space and standard procedures for sterilization and sterile o Storage: separate for Dirty linen and clean linen o Outsourcing is recommended after appropriate training of washerman regarding separate treatment for infected and non-infected linen. • Services: Electricity/ telephones/ water/ civil engineering: may be outsourced.
• Blood Storage Units: The GOI guidelines as given in Annexure may be referred
• Waste disposal: As per National guidelines on hospital waste management as applicable to 30 bed CHCs (Annexure 11) or may be outsourced to agencies • Charter of Patient Rights: It is mandatory for every CHC to have the Charter of
Patient Rights prominently displayed at the entrance. Details are provided in the Annexure 12. • Quality Control:
§ Social Audit: through Rogi Kalyan Samitis/ Panchayati Raj
Institution, etc
§ Others like technical audit, economic audit, disaster preparedness • Access to patients • Registration and admission procedures • Examination • Information exchange • Treatment • Other facilities: waiting, toilets, drinking water • Indoor patients: § Gradation by PRI(Zilla Parishad)/ Rogi Kalyan Samitis • Internal Quality Assessment scheme • External Quality Assessment scheme Record maintenance
Computers are to be used for accurate record maintenance. o Water harvesting should be introduced in all new buildings o Computerisation is a must and would be essential for record maintenance o To maintain the hospital landscaping, a room to store garden implements; Based on the above minimum requirements, the standards need to be developed by Checklist for minimum requirement of CHCs

Services
Existing
Population covered
Specialist services
available
Medicine
Paediatrics
Emergency services
Laboratory
Blood Storage

Infrastructure
Existing
(As per specifications)
Area of the Building
OPD rooms/cubicles
Waiting room for
patients
No. of beds: Male
No. of beds: Female
Operation theatre
Labour room
Laboratory
X-ray Room
Blood Storage
Pharmacy
Water supply
Electricity
Transport facilities
Checklist for Equipment
Equipment
Available
Functional
(As per list)

Checklist for Drugs:
Available
(As per Essential Drug
list)

Checklist for Audit:
Particulars
Available
Whether functional as
per norms
Patient’s charter
Rogi Kalyan Samiti
Internal monitoring
External Monitoring
Availability of
SOPs/STPs*
*Standard Operating Procedures/ Standard Treatment Protocols
Annexure 1
Requirements with regard to Revised National TB Control Programme
for Indian Public Health Standards at CHC Level.
Diagnostic services

A Microscopy Centre (MC) is established for 1, 00,000 population. For hilly, tribal and difficult areas MC is established for 50,000 populations. The Microscopy Centres are established at PHC, CHC or District Hospital. RNTCP has provided inputs to upgrade the infrastructure through minor civil works of the existing laboratories to be able to come up to the minimum standard required to carry out sputum microscopy. At present, about 87% of the country is covered under RNTCP and it is envisaged to cover the entire country by June 2005. Manpower: existing Laboratory Technicians (LTs) are provided training and they function as LTs to carry out sputum microscopy. For up to 20% of the requirements of the LTs at designated Microscopy Centres at the District level, LTs are provided by RNTCP on contractual basis. Equipment: Binocular Microscopes are provided to the Microscopy Centres for sputum microscopy. Laboratory Consumables: Funds are provided to the District TB Control Societies for procurement and supply of all the consumables required to carry out sputum microscopy. The list of laboratory consumables required at MC is enclosed at Annexure-I
Treatment Services

Medical Officers: all Medical Officers are trained in RNTCP to suspect chest symptomatics, refer them for sputum microscopy and be able to categories the patients and handle side effects of anti TB drugs. DOTS Centres: All sub-centres, PHCs, CHCs and District Hospitals work as DOTS Centres. In addition, the community DOTS providers are also trained to deliver DOT. A room of the CHC is used to function as DOTS centre. Facilities for seating and making available drinking water to the patients for consumption of drugs are provided under the Programme. DOTS Providers: the Multi Purpose Workers (MPWs), Pharmacists and Staff Nurses are trained in to monitor consumption of anti TB drugs by the patients. All the DOTS providers to deliver treatment as per treatment guidelines. All the doctors to categories patients as per treatment guidelines (refer Technical Guidelines). Drugs in patient wise boxes and loose drugs are provided at DOT Centres through District TB Centre (DTC). Details of the drugs given at Annexure-II. Recording and reporting to be done as per Operational Guidelines (refer Operational Guidelines).
Treatment of complicated cases

For patients who require admission (Pleural Effusion, Emphysema etc.) drugs are provided in the form of prolongation pouches through District TB Centre for indoor treatment. The common complications of TB can be treated by the Medical Officers/ Specialists at CHC and side effects of drugs can also be handled by the doctors at CHC.
Quality Assurance

Diagnosis: The diagnostic services are supervised by Senior TB Laboratory Supervisor (STLS) for all the Microscopy Centres at the sub-district level (5, 00,000 population or 2, 50,000 population in the hilly, difficult and tribal areas). Treatment: All major drugs procured at the Centre through World Bank recommended procedures and provided to the States, thereby assuring quality of t he drugs.

LIST OF ANTI-TB DRUGS PROCURED UNDER NATIONAL TB CONTROL
PROGRAMME
Sl.No
combi-pack of 2 E Tabs of 600mg 6 H Tabs. of 300mg Schedule-2 in another 2 Z Tabs. of 750mg 4 Pyrioxine Tabs of each combi-pack of 2 E Tabs of 600mg each Schedule-3 in another combi-pack of 2 Z Tabs. of 750mg each Schedule-2 in another Each combi-pack of Schedule-I containing Cat.I & Cat.II patient. 2 H Tabs. of 300mg each Each box containing 2 E Tabs of 600mg each R= Rifampicin; H= Isoniazid; E= Ethambutol; Z= Pyrazianamide; S.M= Inj. Streptomycin. Annexure 2
HIV Guidelines
At present the preventive and care interventions for the control of HIV/AIDS are being provided below district level through Integrated Health Care System using the available staff. There is also a provision of training of health care providers and generating awareness through intensive IEC campaign. The programme is being further strengthened by converging the activities under NACP with RCH programme, which is underway. The following activities are being proposed to be integrated at CHC level. RTI/STD Management Expansion of services up to VCTC & youth information Expansion of services up to Prevention of Parent to Services to be provided at Management information All facilities to report service Annexure 3
NATIONAL VECTOR BORNE DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMME
The National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP), erstwhile National Anti Malaria Programme (National Anti Malaria Programme) is the country’s most comprehensive and multi- faceted public health activity. Directorate of NVBDCP is the nodal agency for prevention and control of major vector borne diseases of public health importance namely Malaria, Filariasis, Japanese Encephalitis (JE), Kala-azar and Dengue. Following are the strategy for control of these diseases:- Malaria:
• Early Diagnosis and prompt treatment of malaria cases • Early Detection and Containment of malaria outbreak • Information, Education and Communication (IEC) for personal protection and community involvement for malaria control • Training and Capacity Building of Medical and Para-medical workers • Monitoring and evaluation of Efficient Management Information System (MIS) • Epidemiological Surveillance of Dengue cases • Entomological surveillance of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes • Clinical management of reported cases • Control of mosquitoes through Integrated Vector Management including source reduction, use of larvivorous fishes, impregnated bednets and selective fogging with Pyrethrum • Behaviour change communication to change behavior of the community about Kala-azar:
• Early diagnosis & complete treatment through Primary Health Care System • Interruption of transmission through vector control by undertaking residual • Health Education and community participation Japanese Encephalitis:
• Vector control by insecticidal spraying with appropriate insecticide for outbreak • Early diagnosis and prompt clinical management to reduce fatality • Training of Medical Personnel and Professionals Filariasis:
For elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis following are the strategies:-
• Annual Mass Drug Administration (MDA) with single dose of DEC to all eligible population at risk of Lymphatic Filariasis • Home based management of Lymphodema cases and To provide the above services under NVBDCP the P H C Medical Officers are the In- charge of P H C. The diagnosis, treatment and examination are performed at C H Cs as per the pattern of P H C. In addition, CHCs are the first referral units for treatment of severe and complicated malaria cases. To provide following services, the CHCs should be equipped with the items as mentioned at Annexure: 1. Diagnosis of malaria cases, microscopic confirmation and treatment Cases of suspected JE and Dengue to be provided symptomatic treatment, hospitalization and case managements. Complete treatment to Kala-azar cases in Kala-azar endemic areas Complete treatment of micro-filaria positive cases with DEC and participation & arrangement of MDA along with preparedness of management of sid e reactions.
Standards:

The CHC Medical Officer should be well-trained in the control programme of the Vector Borne Diseases and should carry out the following activities:- He will, in consultation with District Malaria Officer and the community, select FTD/DDC holders and Voluntary Link Workers for his PRIMARY HEALTH CARE He will refer all fever cases to malaria laboratory for blood smear collection and examination before giving final prescription/medicines. He will supervise all Malaria Cinics and P H C laboratory in his area, see the quality of blood smear collection, staining, efficiency microscopic examination and check whether the stain is filtered daily. He will also ensure/supervise that all positive cases get radical; treatment within 48 hours of examination. He will also ensure that sufficient stocks of anti- malarials including Quinine tablets and injectable Quinine and Artemisenine are available in CHC and also PHCs He will ensure that malaria laboratory is kept in proper condition along with microscope and other equipments. He will provide referral services to severe cases of malaria He will refer severe and complicated cases to District Hospital in case of emergency and drug failure. He will also ensure that Filaria cases are managed at CHC and the Hydrocele cases are operated. Chloroquine, Primaquine, Sulphadoxin Pyremethamine Combination, Artemisinine Derivatives, Quinine Injections, Quinine tablets and 5% Dextrose saline And DEC tablets Equipment :
Microscope, Slides, Pricking Needles, Cotton, Stains, Staining Jars, Filter paper, Glass marking pencil, Lint cloth and Glasswares for preparation of stains and storage. IEC Material:
Display material like posters, banners and permanent hoardings etc. Distribution material like handbills, pamphlets, booklets display cards etc. Training Materials like Guidelines on programme strategies, dose-schedule cards etc. Annexure 4
National Leprosy Eradication Programme
*** Minimum services to be available at Community Health Centres (CHC) are: • Diagnosis of Leprosy • Treatment • Management of Reactions • Advise to Patient on POD Care
1. Leprosy Case Diagnosis

> Manpower required
- Medical Officer trained in leprosy diagnosis - Pharmacist to issue medicine and manage MDT Stock - Healt h Worker trained to maintain records/ reports > Methodology

- By following Standard National Guidelines (Annexure-I).
2. Treatment of Cases

- CHC should have MDT Blister Packs {MB(A), MB(C), PB(A), PB(C)} atleast 3 months stock
- The CHC will classify and treat leprosy which MDT as per National Guidelines 3. Management of Reaction Cases

- The CHC should have adequate stock of prednisolone tablets for management of reaction cases
as per National Guidelines (Annexure-III). 4. Advise to patient for prevention of deformity and Ulcer Care.
- CHC should have a Medical Officer, Pharmacist, Health Worker properly trained for providing counselling to the patients. (Annexure-IV) Leprosy Case Diagnosis
1 How to Diagnose Leprosy?
Signs of Leprosy
A leprosy patient is someone who has a skin patch or patches with a definite loss of sensation
and has not completed a full course of treatment with multi-drug therapy.
Leprosy patches:
Can be pale or reddish or copper-coloured, can be flat or raised, do not itch, usually do not hurt, lack sensation to heat, touch or pain, can appear anywhere. Other signs of leprosy include:
Reddish or skin- coloured nodules or smooth, shiny diffuse thickening of the skin without a loss of sensation. 2. Which Signs is Not Leprosy?
Ø Present from birth (i.e. birth marks) Ø That appear or disappear suddenly and spread fast 3. How to Examine a Patient for Leprosy?
Ø Examine the skin in daylight or in a well-lit room Ø Examine the whole body, taking care to respect the patient’s privacy Ø Ask the patient if the patch itches. If so, it cannot be leprosy Ø Test only one or two skin patches for sensory loss Ø If there is a definite loss of sensation, it is leprosy Ø Ask about treatment received in the past Ø A person who has completed a full coursed of MDT very rarely needs further treatment Ø Look for any visible disability of eyes, face, hands and feet Ø When in doubt about the diagnosis, always send the patient to the nearest referral centre. 4. How to Test for Sensory Loss?
Ø Show the person what you are going to do. Ø Ask the person to point to where they felt the pen Ø Now ask them to close their eyes so that they cannot see what you are doing Ø Lightly touch the centre of the most prominent skin patch and ask them to point to where Ø Repeat the procedure on normal skin and on the same patch again. Ø If the person feels nothing on the skin patch, it is leprosy. Start treatment immediately. 5. How to Classify Leprosy?
Leprosy is classified into Paucibacillary or Multibacillary leprosy based on the number of patches. Treatment of Leprosy Cases
MDT Regimens
MDT supply in separate blister packs for MB (Adult), MB (Child), PB (Adult) & PB (Child). Each Blister Pack contains treatment for 4 weeks. 1. PB Adult Treatment:
Once a month: 1 Day
Once a day: Days 2-28
2. MB Adult Treatment:
Once a month: 1 Day
- 3 Capsules of Clofazimine (100 mg X 3) Once a day: Days 2-28
FULL COURSE: 12 MONTHS
It is crucial that patients understand which drugs they have to take once a month and which every day. 3. PB Child Treatment (10-14 years):
Once a month: 1 Day
- 2 Capsules of Rifampicin (300 mg + 150 mg) Once a day: Days 2-28
FULL COURSE: 6 Blister Packs
For Children younger than 10, the dose must be adjusted according to body weight.
4. MB Child Treatment (10-14 years):
Once a month: 1 Day
- 2 Capsules of Rifampicin (300 mg + 150 mg) Once a day: Days 2-28
- 1 Capsule of Cllofazimine every other day (50 mg) FULL COURSE: 12 Blister Packs
For Children younger than 10, the dose must be adjusted according to body weight. Information for the Patient – Counselling Points

About leprosy ………
• They will be cured of leprosy if they take the drugs in the blister packs as advised • They must complete a full course of treatment : 6 Blisters for PB patients and 12 Blisters • The drugs stop the disease from spreading • Patients can lead normal lives. They can live at home, go to school, work, and play, get married, have children, and participate in social events. • The MDT blister packs are free of charge • They should keep the blister packs in a dry, safe and shady place and out of the reach of • If the drugs are spoiled (changed colour, broken), the health worker will replace them • The medicines will turn their urine red and their skin darker. • Patients should not worry : both will return to normal once the treatment is completed • They must go immediately to a health centre if they have any problems (pain, fever, • They should return for a check-up after they complete their treatment • If they already have disabilities, tell them how to protect themselves from injuries Important Points about MDT
MDT is very safe and effective in curing leprosy MDT is safe for patients being treated for tuberculosis (TB) as well as those who are Rifampicin is common to the treatment of leprosy and TB and must be given in the doses Treatment
Give MDT free of charge to all leprosy patients Help ensure that patients complete their treatment Give patients enough blister packs to last until their next visit Use accompanied MDT for all patients who find it difficult to visit the health centre If a person cured of leprosy presents new skin patches with definite loss of sensation, consider this as a case of relapse. Re-treat with appropriate MDT regimen MDT Supplies
if the drugs are damaged, or have changed colour, or if a capsule is broken keep MDT blister packs in a cupboard or a wooden box. Management of Reactions Cases
1. Leprosy reactions
2. Managing Reactions
3. Dose of Prednisolone
Maximum Dose of prednisolone is 1 mg per kg of body weight
Prevention of Deformity and Ulcer Care Services
Simple measures to prevent disabilities
Annexure 5
For IOL Surgery
For primary Eye Care & Vision Testing
Eye Ointments
Ophthalmic Drops
Injections
Surgical Accessories
Annexure 6
(i) Laboratory services for diagnosis of Malaria, Tuberculosis, Typhoid and tests for detection of faecal contamination of water and chlorination level. (ii) Data management: CHC will function as peripheral surveillance unit and coallate, analyse and report information to District Surveillance Unit. In out-break situations, appropriate action will also be initiated. (b) Physical Structure for Laboratory at CHC
No. at CHC level

(c) Laboratory Equipment
Equipments
Binocular M icroscope with oil immersion (d) Laboratory Supplies
Supplies
Extra plastic vials for transportation of serum
(e) Human Resources: Personnel trained in disease surveillance

1. Medical Officer 2. Laboratory Technician Medical Record Keeper /Data Entry Operator Annexure 7
Round the clock functional Ambulance / rural transportation – Harayana model 1. An advertisement is placed in Local Newspaper for leasing of Ambulance by the 2. Preference is given to Ex-Army Defence / Services personnel. 3. Ambulance is given to the Driver by the CMO Office. No guarantee is required. 4. Charges of transportation are fixed at Rs. 5/km. 6. Driver is required to deposit 50 paise/km in CMO office a monthly basis. This 7. Driver gets Rs. 4.50/km. This would cover petrol, salary and minor repairs. 8. Driver owns the Ambulance after 5 years. Annexure 8
Equipment
Standard Surgical Set - I (Instruments) FRU 1 Tray, instrument/dressing with cover, 310 x 200 x 600 mm-ss 1 2 Gloves surgeon, latex sterilizable, size 6 12 3 Gloves surgeon, latex sterilizable, 6-1/2 12 4 Gloves surgeon, latex sterilizable, size 7 12 5 Gloves surgeon, latex sterilizable, 7-1/2 12 6 Gloves surgeon, latex sterilizable, 8 12 9 Forceps, artery, pean straight, 160 mm, stainless steel 4 10 Forceps hysterectomy, curved, 22.5 mm 4 11 Forceps, hemostatic, halsteads mosquito, straight, 125 mm-ss 6 12 Forceps, tissue, all/is 6x7 teeth, straight, 200 mm-ss 6 13 Forceps, uterine, tenaculum, 280 mm, stainless steel 1 14 Needle holder, mayo, straight, narrow jaw, 175 mm, ss 1 15 Knife-handle surgical for minor surgery # 3 1 16 Knife-handle surgical for major surgery # 4 1 17 Knife-blade surgical, size 11, for minor surgery, pkt of 5 3 18 Knife-blade surgical, size 15 for minor surgery, pkt of 5 4 19 Knife blade surgical, size 22, for major surgery, pkt of 5 3 20 Needles, suture triangular point, 7.3 cm, pkt of 6 2 21 Needles, suture, round bodied, 3/8 circle No. 12 pkt of 6 2 22 Retractor, abdominal, Deavers, size 3, 2.5 cm x 22.5 cm 1 23 Retactor, double-ended abdominal, Beltouis, set of 2 2 24 Scissors, operating curved mayo-blunt pointed 170mm 1 25 Retractor abdominal, Balfour 3 blade self-retaining 1 26 Scissors, operating, straight, blunt point, 170 mm 1 27 Scissors, gauze, straight, 230 mm, stainless steel 1 29 Clamp intestinal, Doyen, curved, 225 mm, stainless steel 2 30 Clamp intestinal, Doyen straight, 225 mm, stainless steel 2 31 Forceps, tissue spring type, 160 mm, stainless steel 2 32 Forceps , tissue spring type, 250 mm, stainless steel. 1 Standard Surgical Set - II 1. Forceps, tissue, 6 x 7 teeth, Thomas-Allis, 200 mm- ss 1 2. Forceps, backhaus towel, 130 mm, stainless steel 4 3. Syringe, anaesthetic (control), 10 ml, luer-glass 1 4. Syringe, hypodermic, 10 ml glass, spare for item 3 4 5. Needles, hypodermic 20G x 1-1/2” box of 12 1 6. Forceps, tissue, spring type, 145 mm, stainless steel 1 7. Forceps, tissue spring type 1 x 2 teeth, Semkins, 250 mm 1 8. Forceps, tissue spring type, 250 mm, stainless steel 1 9. Forceps, hemostat curved mosquito halsteads, 130 mm 6 10. Forceps, artery, straight pean, 160 mm, stainless steel 3 11. Forceps artery, curved pean, 200 mm, stainless steel 1 12. Forceps, tissue, Babcock, 195 mm, stainless steel 2 13. Knife handle for minor surgery No. 3 1 14. Knife blade for minor surgery No. 10, pkt of 5 8 15. Needle holder, straight narrow-jaw Mayo–Heger, 175 mm 1 16. Needle suture straight, 5.5 mm, triangular point, pkt of 6 2 17. Needle, Mayo, ½ circle, taper point, size 6, pkt of 6 2 18. Catheter urethral Nelaton solid-tip one-eye 14 Fr 1 19. Catheter urethral Nelaton solid-tip one-eye 16 Fr 1 20. Catheter urethral Nelaton solid-tip one-eye 18 Fr 1 21. Forceps uterine tenaculum duplay dbl-cvd, 280 mm 1 22. Uterine elevator (Ranathlbod), stainless steel 1 23. Hook, obstetric, Smellie, stainless steel 1 24. Proctoscope Mcevedy complete with case 1 25. Bowl, sponge, 600 ml, stainless steel 1 26. Retractor abdominal Richardson-Eastman, dbl-ended, set 2 1 27. Retractor abdominal Deaver, 25 mm x 3 cm, stainless steel 1 28. Speculum vaginal bi-valve graves, medium, stainless steel 1 29. Scisssors ligature, spencer straight, 130 mm, stainless steel 30. Scissors operating straight, 140 mm, blunt/blunt ss 1 31. Scissors operating curved, 170 mm, blunt/blunt ss 2 32. Tray instrument curved, 225 x 125 x 50 mm, stainless steel 1 1 Setal sterilization tray with cover size 300 x 220 x 70 mm, S/S, Ref IS: 3993 1 2 Gloves Surgeon, latex, size 6-1/2 Ref. 4148 6 3 Gloves surgeon latex, size 7-1/2 Ref. 4148 6 4 Bowl, metal sponge, 600 ml, Ref. IS: 5782 1 5 Speculum vaginal bi-valve cusco's graves small ss 1 6 Forceps sponge holding, straight 228 MMH Semken 200 mm 1 7 Sound uterine simpson, 300 mm graduated UB 20 mm 1 8 Forceps uterine tenaculum duplay DBL-CVD, 280 mm 1 10 Anterior vaginal wall retractor stainless 1 12 Gloves surgeon, latex, size 7, Ref: 4148 6 13 Gloves surgeon, latex size 6 Ref. IS: 4148 6 14 Battery dry cell 1.5 V 'D' Type for Item 7G 1 15 Speculum vaginal bi-valve cusco's/Grea Ves Medium ss 1 16 Forceps artery, straight, Pean, 160 mm 1 17 Scissors operating, straight, 145 mm, Blunt/Blunt 1 18 Forceps uterine vulsellum curved, Museux, 240 mm 1 19 Speculum vaginal double-ended sime size #3 1 CHC Standard Surgical Set - III Tray, instrument/dressing with cover, 310 x 195 x 63 mm 1 Forceps, backhaus towel, 130 mm, stainless steel 4 Forceps, hemostat, straight, Kelly, 140 mm, stainless steel 4 Forceps, hemostat, curved, Kelly, 125mm, stainless steel 2 Forceps, tissue Allis, 150 mm, stainless steel, 4 x 5 teeth 2 Knife blade for minor surgery, size 11, pkt of 5 10 Needle hypodermic, Luer 22G x 11/4", box of 12 1 Needle hypodermic, Luer 250G x 3/4", box of 12 1 Needle, suture straight 5.5 cm, triangular point, pkt of 6 2 Needle, suture, Mayo ½ circle, taper point No. 6, pkt of 6 2 Scissors, ligature, angled on flat, 140 mm, stainless steel 1 Syringe anaesthetic control, Luer - 5 ml, glass 4 Sterilizer, instrument 200 x 100 x 60 mm with burner ss 1 Forceps, sterilizer, Cheatle, 265 mm, stainless steel 1 Normal Delivery Kit Trolley, dressing carriage size 76C, long x 46 cm wide and 84 cm high. Ref. 1 IS 4769/1968 1 Towel, trolley 84 cm x 54 cm 2 Gauze absorbent non-sterile 200 mm x 6 m as per IS: 171/1985 2 Tray instrument with cover 450 mm (L) x 300 mm (W) x 80 mm (H) 1 Mask, face, surgeon's cap of rear ties: B) Beret type with elastic hem 2 Cotton wool absorbent non-sterilize 500G 2 Drum, sterilizing cylindrical - 275 mm Dia x 132 mm, ss as per IS: 3831/1979 2 Table instrument adjustable type with tray ss 1 Standard Surgical Set - IV Vaccum extractor, Malastrom 1 Forceps obstetric, Wrigley’s, 280 mm, stainless steel 1 Forceps, obstetric, Barnes-Neville, with traction, 390mm 1 Forceps, sponge holding, straight 228 mm, stainless steel 4 Forceps, artery, Spencer-Wells, straight, 180mm-ss 2 Forceps, artery, Spencer-Wells, straight, 140mm-ss 2 Holder, needle straight, Mayo-Hegar, 175 mm-ss 1 Scissors, ligature, Spencer, 130 mm, stainless steel 1 Scissors, episiotomy, angular, Braun, 145 mm, stainless steel 1 Forceps, tissue, spring-type, 1 x 2 teeth, 160 mm-ss 1 Forceps, tissue, spring-type, serrated ups, 160mm-ss 1 Catheter, urethral, rubber, Foley’s 14 ER 1 Catheter, urethral, Nelaton, set of five (Fr 12-20) rubber 1 Speculum, vaginal, Sim’s, double-ended # 3-ss 1 Holder, needle, Mayo-Hegar, narrow jaw, straight, 175 mm-ss 1 Speculum vaginal bi-valve, Cusco-medium, stainless steel 1 Qty. Equipment for Neo-natal Resuscitation Catheter, mucus, rubber, open ended tip, size 14FR 2 Catheter, nasal, rubber, open tip, funnel end, size el end, size el end, size el end, size el end, size el end,2i Equipment for Labour Room
Equipment for Radiology
Diagnostic X-ray Unit 200 / 300mA with automatic device EQUIPMENTS under National Health Programmes ( as listed under each NHP), Cold storage facility under Immunization Programme and Blood storage equipment as at Annexure 9

LIST OF ESSENTIAL DRUGS FOR CHC
dosage for 305.25 622.5 0.75 0.75 re f 306 622.5 107Tw (dosage for
0e f 306 622.5 107Tw5 107Tw5 107Tw5 107Tw5 107Tw5 107Tw5 107Tw5 107Tw5 107T5 107Tw5 107Tw5 107Tw5 1521w5 107Tw5 107Tw5 107Tw5 1521w5 107Tw5 107Tw5 107Tw5 122.5 0561w5 1076 Tc -0.3925 622.561w5 1076 Tc -0.39
561w5 1076 Tc -0.3907Tw5 1561w5 1076 Tc -0.39521w5 1561w5 1076 Tc -0.3937 86w5 1552 107xure 94 936 Tw.246f 81 622.5 41126 6DRUGS FOR CHC) Tj E2525 re f 80.25 5 TD -0.03.75 w ( ) Tj 32085 re fOxygen 80.25 DRUGS FOR CHC
Name of the Drug
Route of Strength
administration/
dosage form
Other Injections:
Injections
Annexure 10
Extracts from National Guidelines on Blood Storage Facilities at FRUs
1. Requirements
Space : The area required for setting up the facility is only 10 square meters, well-lighted, Reagents: All the reagents should come from the Mother Blood Bank. areas clean. The expiry of the blood is normally 35/42 days depending on the type of blood bags used. The Medical Officer in-charge should ensure that unused blood bags should be returned to the mother center at least 10 days before the expiry of the blood and fresh blood obtained in its place. The blood storage centers are designed to ensure rapid and safe delivery of whole blood in an emergency. The detail of storage of packed cells, fresh frozen plasma and platelets concentrate are therefore not given in these guidelines. In case, however, these are required to be stored, the storage procedures of the mother blood bank 4. Issue of blood
Patients blood grouping and cross matching should invariably be carried out before issue of blood. A proper record of this should be kept. First In and First Out (FIFO) policy, whereby blood closer to expiry date is used first, should 5. Disposal
Since all the blood bags will already be tested by the mother center, disposal of empty blood bags should be done by landfill. Gloves should be cut and put in bleach for at least one hour and then disposed as normal waste. 6. Documentation & records
The center should maintain proper records for procurement, cross matching and issue of blood and blood components. These records should be kept for at least 5 years. 7. Training
Training of doctors and technicians, who will be responsible for the Blood Storage Center, should be carried out for 3 days in an identified center as per the guidelines. Training will • Pre-transfusion checking, i.e. patient identity and grouping • Problems in grouping and cross matching • Transfusion reactions and its management The states will have to identify the institutions where training of the staff responsible for Chamber, counting, glass, double neubauer ruling 2 Pipette, serological glass, 0.05 ml x 0.0125 ml 6 Pipette, serological glass, 1.0 ml x 0.10 ml 6 Counter, differential, blood cells, 6 unit 1 Centrifuge, micro-hematocrit, 6 tubes, 240v 1 Cover glass for counting chamber (item 7), Box of 12 1 Tube, capillary, heparinized, 75 mm x 1.5 mm, vial of 100 10 Lancet, blood (Hadgedorn needle) 75 mm pack of 10 ss 10 Benedict’s reagent qualitative dry components for soln 1 Pipette measuring glass, set of two sizes 10 ml, 20 ml 2 Test tube, w/o rim, heat resistant glass, 100 x 13 mm 24 Clamp, test-tube, nickel plated spring wire, standard type 3 Beaker, HRG glass, low form, set of two sizes, 50 ml, 150 ml 2 Rack, test-tube wooden with 12 x 22 mm dia holes 1 Annexure 11:
National Guidelines on Hospital Waste Management based on the Bio-Medical
Waste(Management & Handling) Rules, 1998.
(Only relevant portions as applicable to a 30 bed CHC need to be taken in to
account from this guidelines)
The Bio-Medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1998 were notified under the Environment Protection Act, 1986(29 of 1986) by the Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India on 20th July, 1998. The guidelines have been prepared to enable each hospital to implement the said Rules, by developing comprehensive plan for hospital waste management, in terms of segregation, collection, treatment, transportation and disposal of the hospital waste. The policy statement aims to provide for a system for management of all potentially infectious and hazardous waste in accordance with the Bio-Medical Waste(Management& Handling) rules, 1998(BMW,1998) Bio-Medical Waste means any waste, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining thereto or in the production or testing of biologicals, including categories mentioned in the Schedule I of the Bio_MedicalWaste (Management & Handling) Rules, Hazardous, toxic and Bio-Medical waste has been separated in to the following categories for the purpose of its safe transportation to a specific site for specific treatment. Certain categories of infectious waste require specific treatment (disinfection/decontamination) before transportation for disposal. These categories of bio-medical waste are mentioned as below: Category No. 1 – Human Anatomical Waste This includes human tissues, organs, body parts. This includes animal tissues, organs, body parts, carcasses, bleeding parts, fluid, blood and experimental animals used in research, waste generated by veterinary hospitals and colleges, discharge from hospitals a nd animal houses. Category No. 3 - Microbiology & Biotechnology Waste This includes waste from laboratory cultures, stocks or specimens of micro organisms live or attenuated vaccines, human and animal cell culture used in research and infectious agents from research and industrial laboratories, wastes from production of biological, toxins, dishes and devices used for transfer of culture. This comprises of needles, syringes, scalpels, blades, glass, etc. that may cause puncture and cuts. This includes both used and unusable sharps. Category No. 5 – Discarded Medicines and Cytotoxic drugs This includes wastes comprising of outdated, contaminated and discarded medicines. It comprises of items contamina ted with blood, and body fluids including cotton, dressings, soiled plaster castes, linens, beddings, other material contaminated with This includes wastes generated from disposable items, other than the waste sharps, such as tubings, catheters, intravenous sets, etc. This includes waste generated from laboratory and washing, cleaning, house keeping This contains of ash from incineration of any bio-medical waste This contains chemicals used in production of biologicals and chemicals used in 4.1 It should be done at the site of generation of bio-medical waste, e.g., all patient care activity areas, diagnostic service areas, operation theatres, labour rooms, treatment 4.2 The responsibility of segregation should be with the generator of bio-medical waste, i.i.75 0 w_s1 4qqqqqqqqnt NursoomsTechnician e0.25 1831 Tc -0.27(-) Tj 3.75 0tcTD 0 120551 Tc -0 Tw ( ) Tj -36 -21 TD 0195055163 Tc -0.2707 Tw ( ) 4067e respon3ibili25 0 TD606 Tc 0 Tw (-) Tj 3.75 0 TD 0.0551 Tc -0.137(-) Tj Tw799l waste, * Those plastics which contains liquid like blood, urine. Pus, etc, should be put in to red colour bag for microwaving and autoclaving and other items should be put in to blue or white bag after chemical treatment and mutilation/shredding. 5.2 All the items sent to incinerator/deep burial(Cat 1, 2, 3, 6) should be placed in yellow 5.3 All the bio-medical waste to be sent for microwave/ Autoclave treatment should be placed in red coloured bags.(Cat. 3, 6, & 7) 5.4 Any waste which is sent to shredder after autoclaving/ microwaving/chemical treatment is to be packed in blue/white translucent bag. All containers having different coloured plasticbags should be located at the point of generation of waste, i.e., near OT tables, injection rooms, diagnostic service areas, dressing trolleys, injection trolleys, etc. 5.6 Labelling: All the bags/containers must be labelled bio-hazard or cytotoxic with symbols according to the rules(ScheduleIII of bio-medical waste Rules, 1998) 5.7 Bags: It should be ensured that waste bags are filled up to three-fourth capacity, tied securely and removed from the site of the generation to the storage area regularly and 5.8 The categories of waste(Cat. 4, 7, 8,& 10) which require pre- treatment(decontamination/disinfection) at the site of generation such as plastic and sharp materials, etc., should be removed from the site of generation only after 5.9 The quantity of collection should be documented in a register. The colour plastic bags should be replaced and the garbage bin should be cleaned with disinfectant Storage refers to the holding of bio-medical waste for a certain period of time at the site of generation till its transit for treatment and final disposal. No untreated bio-medical waste shall be kept stored beyond a period of 48 6.2 The authorised person must take the permission of the prescribed authority, if for any reason it becomes necessary to store the waste 6.3. The authorised person should take measures to ensure that the waste does not adversely affect human health and the environment, in case it is 7.1 Transportation of waste within the hospitals 7.1.1 Within the hospital, waste routes must be designated to avoid the passage of waste through patient care areas as far as possible. 7.1.2 Separate time schedules are prepared for transportation of bio-medical waste and general waste; it will reduce chances of their mix-up. 7.13 Dedicated wheeled containers, trolleys or carts with proper label (as per Schedule IV of Rule 6) should be used to transport the waste from the site off 7.1.4 Trolleys or carts should be thoroughly cleansed and disinfected in the event 7.1.5 The wheeled containers should be designed in such a manner that the waste can be easily loaded, remains secured during transportation, does not have any sharp edges and easy to cleanse and disinfect. 7.2 Transportation of waste for disposal outside the hospital: 7.2.1. Notwithstanding anything contained in the motor Vehicles Act. 1988 or rules thereunder, bio-medical waste shall be transported only in such vehicles as may be authorised for the purpose by the competent authority. 7.2.2 The containers for transportation must be labelled as given in Schedule III 8. Treatment of Hospital Waste (Please see Rule 5, Schedule V & VI) 8.1 General waste (Non-hazardous, non-toxic, non-infectious). The safe disposal of this waste should be ensured by the occupier through Local Municipal Monitoring of incinerator/autoclave/ microwave shall be carried out once in a month to check the performance of the equipment. One should ensure: The proper operation & Maintenance of the incinerators/ ii) Attainment of prescribed temperatures in both the chambers of incinerators iii) Not to incinerate plastic materials iv) Only skilled persons operate the equipment v) Proper record book shall be maintained for the incinerators/autoclave/microwave/shredder. Such record book shall have the entries of period of operation, temperature/pressure attained while treating the vi) The scavengers shall not be allowed to sort out the waste vii) Proper hygiene shall be maintained at, both the waste treatment plant site as viii) Categories 4, 7, 8, and 10 should be treated with chemical disinfectant like 1% hypochlorite solution or any other equivalent chemical reagent to ensure 8.2.1 Incineration: The incinerator should be installed and made operational as per specifications under the BMW rules , 1998(Schedule V) and an authorization shall be taken from the prescribed authority for the management and handling of bio-medical waste including installation and operation of treatment facility as per Rule 8 of Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) Rules,1998. Specific requirements regarding the incinerators and norms of combustion efficiency and emission levels,etc. have been defined in the Bio-Medical Waste(Management&Handling) Rules,1998. In case of small hospitals, joint facilities for incineration can be developed depending upon the local policies of the hospital and feasibility. The plastic bags made of chlorinated plastics should not be incinerated. 8.2.2 Deep burial: Standard for deep burial are also mentioned in the Bio- Medical Waste(Management&Handling) Rules 1998(Schedule V). The cities having less than 5 lakh population can opt for deep burial for wastes 8.2.3 Autoclave and Microwave treatment: Standards for the autoclaving and Microwaving are also mentioned in the Bio-Medical Waste(Management&Handling) Rules 1998(Schedule V). All equipment installed/shared should meet these specifications. The waste under category 3, 4, 6, and 7 can be treated by these techniques. 8.2.4 Shredding: The plastics (IV bottle, IV sets, Syringes, catheters, etc.) sharps (needles, blades, glass, etc.) should be shredded but only after chemical treatment/microwaving/ autoclaving, ensuring disinfection. 8.2.5 Needle s destroyers can be used for disposal of needles directly without 8.2.6 Secured Landfill: The incinerator ash, discarded medicines, cytotoxic substances and solid chemical waste should be treated by this option(Cat. 8.2.7 It may be noted there are multiple options available for disposal of certain category of waste, the individual hospital can choose the best option, depending upon treatment facilities available. 8.2.8 Radioactive waste: The management of the radioactive waste should be 8.2.9 Liquid(Cat. 8) & Chemical Waste(Cat. 10) Chemical waste & Liquid waste from Laboratory: Suitable treatment, dilution or 1% hypochlorite solution as required shall be given before The effluents generated from the hospital should conform to limits as laid down in the Bio-Medical Waste(Management&Handling) Rules The liquid and chemical waste should not be used for any other purpose. For discharge in to public sewers with terminal facilities, the prescribed 9.1 Personal protection: Hospitals and health care authorities have to ensure that the following personal protective equipment is provided: c) Heavy duty rubber gloves(uptil elbows) for cleaners ii) Masks: Simple and cheap mask to prevent health care workers against aerosols, Special foot wear, e.g. gum boots for hospital waste handler. 9.2 Immunization against Hepatitis B and Tetanus shall be given to all hospital staff 9.3 All the generators of bio-medical waste should adopt universal precautions and appropriate safety measures while doing therapeutic and diagnostic activities and also 9.4 All the sanitation workers engaged in the handling and transporting should be made aware of the risks involved in handling the bio-medical waste. 9.5 Any worker reporting with an accident/injury due to handling of bio-medical waste should be given prompt first aid. Necessary investigations and follow up action as per The procedure for reporting accidents(as per Form III of BMW Rules, 1998) should be followed and the records should be kept. The report should include the nature of accidents, when and where it occurred and which staff was directly involved. It should also show type of waste involved and emergency measures taken. 10.1 All the medical professional must be made aware of Bio-Medical Waste(Management & Handling) Rules, 1998. 10.2 Each and every hospital must have well planned awareness and training programmes for all categories of personnel including administrators to make them aware about safe hospital waste management practices. 10.3. Training should be conducted category wise and more emphasis should be given in training modules as per category of personnel. 10.4 Training should be conducted in appropriate language/medium and in an 10.5 Wherever possible audio-visual material and experienced trainers should be used. Hand on training about colour coded bags; categorization and chemical disinfections 10.6 Training should be interactive and should include, demonstration sessions, Behavioural Science approach should be adopted with emphasis on on establishing proper practices. Training is a continuous process and will need constant reinforcement. 11.1 The head of the Hospital shall form a Waste Management Committee under his chairmanship. The Waste Management Committee shall meet regularly to review the performance of the waste disposal. This Committee should be responsible for making hospital specific action plan for hospital waste management and for its supervision, monitoring, implementation and looking after the safety of the bio-medical waste 11.2 The heads of each hospital will have to take authorization for generation of waste from appropriate authorities well in time as notified by the concerned state/UT Government and get it renewed as per time schedule laid in the rules. The application is to be made as per format given in form I for grant of authorization.(Please see page 18 11.3. The annual reports, accident reporting, as required under BMW rules should be submitted to the concerned authorities as per BMW rules format(Form II and Form III respectively)(Please see pages 19& 20 of BMW Rules) 12. Coordination between hospital & Outside Agencies: 12.1 Municipal authorities: as quite a large percentage of waste (up to 90%) generated in Indian hospital belong to general category (non-toxic and non-hazardous), the hospital authorities should have constant interaction with municipal authorities so that this category of waste is regularly taken out of the hospital premises for further disposal 12.2 Coordinated efforts should be made by health authorities and municipal authorities to involve private sector/NGOs for creation of common facilities for treatment. 12.3 Health authorities in coordination with municipal authorities should facilitate optimal utilization of waste treatment facility in the area. 12.4 Coordination with NGOs and Environmental Groups, for public awareness and 12.5 Sharing of facility: Hospital which is not on a possession of their own facility for treatment may get their waste treated in a shared facility. The hospitals having additional capacity may extend their facility to nearby smaller hospital or health care 12.6 There should be coordinated agencies to take care of exigencies/disruption of Annexure 12
Model Citizens Charter for CHCs and PHCs
Preamble
Community Health Centres and Primary Health Centres exist to provide health care to every citizen of India within the allocated resources and available facilities. The Charter seeks to provide a framework which enables citizens to know. • the quality of services they are entitled to. • the means through which complaints regarding denial or poor qualities of services will be Objectives
• to make available medical treatment and the related facilities for citizens. • to provide appropriate advice, treatment and support that would help to cure the ailment • to ensure that treatment is best on well considered judgment, is timely and comprehensive and with the consent of the citizen being treated. • to ensure you just awareness of the nature of the ailment, progress of treatment, duration of treatment and impact on their health and lives, and • to redress any grievances in this regard. Commitments of the Charter
• to provide access to available facilities without discrimination, • to provide emergency care, if needed on reaching the CHC/ PHC • to provide adequate number of notice boards detailing the location of all the facilities. • to provide written information on diagnosis, treatment being administered. • to record complaints and designate appropriate officer, who will respond at an appointed time, that may be same day in case of inpatients and the next day in case of out patients. Component of service at CHCs
• access to CHCs and professional medical care to all • making provision for emergency care after main treatment hour whenever needed • informing users about available facilities, costs involved and requirements expected of them with regard to the treatment in clear and simple terms. • informing users of equipment out of order • ensuring that users can seek clarifications and assistance in making use of medical • Informing users about procedures for reporting in-efficiencies in services or non- Grievance redressal
• grievances that citizens have will be recorded • there will be a designated officer to respond to the request deemed urgent by the person • aggrieved user after his/her complaint recorded would be allowed to seek a second • to have a public grievance committee outside the CHC to deal with the grievances that Responsibilities of the users
• users of CHC would attempt to understand the commitments made in the charter • user would not insist on service above the standard set in the charter because it could negatively affect the provision of the minimum acceptable level of service to another user. • instruction of the CHC’s personnel would be followed sincerely, and • in case of grievances, the redressal mechanism machinery would be addressed by users Performance audit and review of the charter
• performance audit may be conducted through a peer review every two or three years after covering the areas where the standards have been specified Annexure 13

Composition of the Task Group III and the Consultation Process
Under the National Rural Health Mission, 8 Task Groups were constituted to deliberate upon various issues concerning the operationalisation of National Rural Health Mission. Task Group III under the chairmanship of DGHS comprised the following members: 1. Dr.S.P.Agarwal, Director General Health Services: Chairperson 6. Mrs.Sheela Rani Chungat, Secretary(Health, Ta mil Nadu) 7. Mr.Ram Lubaya, IAS, Govt. of Rajasthan 16. Dr.S.K.Satpathy, DC (ID), Rapporteur The first meeting of the Task Group III was held on 10th Feb.2005. The Group-III was assigned the task of preparing Status papers on the following four issues: • Setting up of Indian Public Health Standards for health care delivery in Community • Strengthening Public Institutions for Health Delivery. • Ensuring availability of doctors in rural areas • Mainstreaming of AYUSH As a follow-up to the meeting the DG HS reviewed the progress on a daily basis with some of the members from the Directorate and also experts from outside who were invited to join the process. The 4 papers were prepared and sent to all the members electronically and were also given print copies. The second meeting of the Task Group III was held on 26th Feb.2005, under the Chairmanship of Dr. S.P.Agarwal, DGHS at Nirman Bhawan, New Delhi. Secretary (Heath & F.W.) also participated in the discussion briefly. The list of Members /their representatives and various experts who participated in the meeting was as follows: These papers were discussed with the members present. Subsequent to the meeting, inputs from the deliberations were added to the papers. Further consultations were held on a daily basis with the members available at the Directorate and external experts. Another meeting with the various National Health Programme Officers and experts was also held on 7th March 2005. The document on IPHS was prepared initially aiming at setting up Standards for the CHCs. But after discussion with Director (P/RHM), the paper was scaled down to discuss the requirements for minimum functional grading of CHCs with scope for further upgradation. Inputs were taken from the Programme Officers of National Health Programmes, consultants from accreditation agencies and also from Dept. of Community Medicine, AIIMS for preparation of the documents. IPHS for CHC At a Glance
The Govt. of India is la unching a National Rural Health Mission (2005-2012) through out the country to ensure improved access for Primary Health Care Services through the country specially to the poor women and Children. Codification of Indian Public Health Standards to ensure minimal quality hospital services for every one lakh population is an important strategy under the Mission. This document provides the requirements for a Minimum Functional Grade of Community Health Centre. ♦ Objective of IPHS is to provide optimal
• specialist care in the CHC of acceptable standard.
• “Assured Services” provided at CHC will include routine and emergency care in Surgery, Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Paediatrics in addition to all the National Health programmes and Integrated Disease Surveillance Project • Apart from the existing 4 specialists in Surgery, Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Paediatrics, it is proposed to make available the services of an Anaesthetist and a Public Health Programme Manager on contractual basis to ensure optimal utilisation and good quality services. • Necessary support staff will be as it already exists. Ophthalmic assistant where it does not exist provided under the National Blindness Control programme and a Public Health Nurse and ANM under the ASHA scheme. • The equipment already provided under the CSSM programme is deemed adequate for provision of all the envisaged assured services. • Infrastructure that already exists will have to be utilised as best as possible with remodelling or rearrangement if necessary. New constructions will follow the specifications spelt out in detail in the document. • The Essential drug list at the CHC level has been updated to ensure proper • Laboratory facilities and other support services will be strengthened. Laundry, diet, referral transport and waste management are proposed to be outsourced after appropriate training. • Capacity Building will be ensured at all levels by periodic training of all cadres. • It is mandatory for every CHC to have “Rogi Kalyan Samiti” to ensure • Every CHC shall have the “Charter of Patients’ Rights” displayed prominently at the • Every CHC shall also have the Standard Operating Procedures and Standard Treatment Protocols for common ailments and the National Health Programmes. • Social audit by means of involvement of the community through Consumer Forum and Rogi Kalyan Samitis is being recommended. To maintain quality of services, external monitoring through Panchayati Raj Institutions and internal monitoring at appropriate intervals will be advocated.

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