N Study Design Intervention
Fever: 18.1% TMP-SMZ / E vs 32.2% PL; p ϭ .009
Infection: 3.8% TMP-SMZ / E vs 11.9% PL; p ϭ 0.37
Time to infection: 17 days TMP-SMZ / N vs 8 days NL / N;
Duration of granulocytopenia: 23.6 days TMP-SMZ / N vs
NL / N; p ϭ .007Deaths: 7 TMP-SMZ / N vs 3 NL/NGram negative bacilli: greater acquisition in NL / N;
Infection: 64/185 (35%) PL vs 46/177 (26%) TMP-SMZ;
BSI: 32/165 (19%) PL vs 22/177 (12%) TMP-SMZ;
C: Decreased colonization with gram-negative bacilli
Time to fever: 6.3 days NF vs 3.7 days PL; p ϭ .005
No effect on fungi or gram-positive infections
GP infections: 11/30 PL vs 0/30 V; p ϭ .002
Deaths: 1 PL vs 0 VV decreased fever and empiric antibiotics
Resistant bacteria: 5/ 22 O/A vs 2/22 V/T/C
Duration of fever: 9.2 days O/A vs 13.7 days V/T/C;
before transplant to 15 daysafter neutropenia resolved
14 patients with proven bacterial infection
Fever: 190/268 (71%) PV vs 213/268 (79%) PL / PF;
BSI: 38/268 (14%) PV vs 58/268 (22%) PL / PF; p ϭ .03
Streptococcal BSI: 14/268 (5%) PV vs 27/268 (10%) PL / PF
No difference in fever, duration of neutropenia or
C. difficile enterocolitis: O C vs 10 TMP-SMZ; p ϭ .001
Fever: no difference between the two groups
C/R did not reduce significantly gram-positive
C/R higher incidence of drug-related side effects;
N Study Design Intervention
Clinical response 91/103 (88%) S/C vs I 84/104 (81%) 1;
42/166 (25%) on NF developed gram-positive infections
vs. 2/37 (5.4%) without prophylactic NF; p ϭ .007
Diarrhea 31/103 (30%) S/C vs 1 15/102 (15%); p ϭ .007
Acute GVHD grades II–IV: C/M 22% vs C 54%; p Ͻ .001
Fecal samples without anaerobic growth: CM 53% vs C
Fecal anaerobes in acute GVHD grades II–IV is 100-fold
higher than in acute GVHD grades 0–1; p Ͻ .005
Fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli (MIC—8 to 64 mg/L) in
Mean number of days of prophylaxis greater in those
Invasive fungal infections 7/68 (10%) M/C/F vs 11/66
Anaerobic growth in fecal samples: 236/446 (53%) M/C/F
Yeast growth in fecal samples: 334/446 (75%) M/C/F vs
C/Col lower proportion of neutropenic febrile days;
C/Col lower proportion of neutropenic antibiotic days;
Total bacterial isolates 16/64 C/Col vs 44/64 N/Col;
S. aureus 0/64 C/Col vs 10/64 N/Col; p ϭ .001Total gram-positive 14/64 C/Col vs 25/64 N/Col; p ϭ .03Total gram-negative 2/64 C/Col vs 16/64 N/Col; p Ͻ .001
BMT, bone marrow transplant recipients; TMP-SMZ, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; N, nystatin; GENT, gentamicin/nystatin; BSI, bloodstream infection; E, erythromycin; PL, placebo; NL/NY, nalidixic acid/nystatin; C, ciprofloxacin; CH, chlorhexidine; GNB, gram-negative bacilli; NF, norfloxacin; V, vancomycin;O/A, ofloxacin/amoxicillin; V/T/C, vancomycin/tobramycin/colisitin; C/N, chlorhexidine & nystatin; PV, penicillin V; PF, pefloxacin; PL/PF, placebo & pefloxacin; R, rifampin; I, imipenem; S/C, sulbactam/cefoperazone; C/F, ciprofloxacin/fluconazole; M, metronidiazole; C/Col, ciprofloxacin/colistin; N/Col, neomycin/colistin.
Seasonal C anine Illness Since the autumn of 2009 there have been reports of dogs becoming seriously ill having been for a walk in the countryside, and in particular woodland. Tests have been carried out which have ruled out man made poisons but so far the cause of the illness is still unknown. The symptoms of this illness normally present within 24 hours of walking in the countrys ide an
14th International Short Film Festival Winterthur – At a glance This year, the focus of the most significant Short Film Festival in Switzerland wil be on the importance of the short film as an interface between art and cinema. With an exciting programme around the topic of Video Art and filming artists, Switzerland’s most significant Short Film Festival picks up a current subject