EMAIL YOUR QUESTIONS TO
Taking care of your mouth and teeth is a very important, yet often overlooked, part of maintaining your general health. Good oral health can help you prevent or catch infections early. It can also give you clues as to the state of your overall health and the health of your immune system. BRUSHING
motion, keeping bristles at a 45° angle to
the gum line. Pay special attention to ar-
eas people tend to neglect, like the back
MOUTHWASH
can add fluoride to your teeth, kill bacte-
ria often responsible for bad breath, re-
duce plaque that can cause cavities, and
TOOTHBRUSH & TOOTHPASTE
not be suitable for some people to use.
soft bristles because hard ones can cause
DENTAL VISITS
tist about every 6 months. The visits al-
that cavities in people with HIV can act
DENTAL FLOSS DISCLOSING YOUR HIV STATUS
To floss, use a long length of floss and
For proper care, it’s helpful for a den-
there are conditions that they will want
and all the way to the gums. If you rarely
to pay extra attention to. Finding a den-
or never floss, you may find some slight
tist who you trust, who’s supportive, and
dentist to see if you’re flossing properly.
PROJECT INFORM 1375 MISSION STREET SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-2621 415-558-8669 WWW.PROJECTINFORM.ORG EMAIL YOUR QUESTIONS TO
Oral health and common oral conditions in HIV
Abnormal cell growth KAPOSI’S SARCOMA (KS) LYMPHOMA
people with it also report oral lesions.
often its first sign. The lesions include
the extent of the problem. If it’s not
firm masses and persistent ulcers. It’s
patches or swellings, are the first obvi-
or purple and either raised or flat. The
once they’re on effective HIV therapy,
Bacterial infections GINGIVITIS & PERIODONTITIS Gingivitis is inflammation of the
bleeding and bad breath. Periodon-tal disease includes all diseases of the
MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX (MAC) linear gingivitis erythema (LGE) and
necrotizing ulcerative periodontitisrium Avium Complex, available from
TOLL-FREE HIV HEALTH INFOLINE 1-800-822-7422 LOCAL & INTERNATIONAL 415-558-9051 MONDAY–FRIDAY 10–4 PACIFIC TIME EMAIL YOUR QUESTIONS TO
Oral health and common oral conditions in HIV
Viral infections HERPES SIMPLEX HAIRY LEUKOPLAKIA (OHL) CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV)
extensive and persistent. They’re often
after a relatively short period of time.
Inform’s publication, Cytomegalovirus. HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV)
genital and anal warts. In people living
HERPES (VARICELLA ZOSTER, VZV)
and look like typical warts: cauliflower-
like, “spiky” or slightly raised with a
flat surface. It’s not currently thought
mouth. Oral lesions begin as “bubbles”,
started as soon as possible and involves
Inform’s publication, Human Papil o- PROJECT INFORM 1375 MISSION STREET SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-2621 415-558-8669 WWW.PROJECTINFORM.ORG EMAIL YOUR QUESTIONS TO
Oral health and common oral conditions in HIV
Fungal infections ORAL CANDIDIASIS HISTOPLASMOSIS
likely to get this disease. HIV-positive
Histoplasmosis, available from Project
rinses, lozenges or pil s. In mild cases,
it’s treated directly for at least 2 weeks.
Inform’s publications, Oral Candidi-asis, Vaginal Candidiasis or Systemic FACING NEW DECISIONS? WONDERING WHAT’S THE NEXT STEP? HIV Health InfoLine: 1-800-822-7422 (toll-free) TOLL-FREE HIV HEALTH INFOLINE 1-800-822-7422 LOCAL & INTERNATIONAL 415-558-9051 MONDAY–FRIDAY 10–4 PACIFIC TIME EMAIL YOUR QUESTIONS TO
Oral health and common oral conditions in HIV
Other oral conditions DRY MOUTH (XEROSTOMIA)
uids is a great idea, as is rinsing often
APHTHOUS ULCERS
tible to cavities and other problems.
these ulcers in studies, though it’s not
“soft” tissue. These ulcers are common
Commentary Planning a course of action for dental care and treatment
Other recommended resources include www.HIVdent.
is important for people living with HIV. Your dentist is a
org, a non-profit website dedicated to assuring high quality
partner in helping you develop this plan, there to provide
oral health services for people with HIV. It has a collection
you with information about your options, potential risks
of easy-to-read materials on a variety of oral health and
and benefits, and recommendations. One main way to keep
general HIV topics. The National Institute of Dental Re-
ahead with good oral health is by keeping HIV under con-
search (www.nidcr.nih.gov) has information on studies and
trol with potent regimens. Optimal y, any course of treat-
links to sites that deliver dental care.
ment should be made together — with you, your doctor
Special thanks goes to Dr. David Rosenstein for his edi-
PROJECT INFORM 1375 MISSION STREET SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-2621 415-558-8669 WWW.PROJECTINFORM.ORG EMAIL YOUR QUESTIONS TO
Oral health and common oral conditions in HIV
Oral conditions at a glance APHTHOUS ULCERS DIAGNOSIS HISTOPLASMOSIS SYMPTOMS SYMPTOMS TREATMENT TREATMENT AFFECTED AREAS AFFECTED AREAS PREVENTION DIAGNOSIS PREVENTION HERPES SIMPLEX TREATMENT DIAGNOSIS SYMPTOMS PREVENTION GINGIVITIS, TREATMENT PERIODONTAL DISEASE AFFECTED AREAS HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS SYMPTOMS SYMPTOMS PREVENTION DIAGNOSIS CYTOMEGALOVIRUS AFFECTED AREAS AFFECTED AREAS SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT AFFECTED AREAS TREATMENT TREATMENT PREVENTION DIAGNOSIS PREVENTION PREVENTION TREATMENT HERPES ZOSTER SYMPTOMS KAPOSI’S SARCOMA PREVENTION SYMPTOMS HAIRY LEUKOPLAKIA DRY MOUTH AFFECTED AREAS SYMPTOMS SYMPTOMS AFFECTED AREAS DIAGNOSIS AFFECTED AREAS AFFECTED AREAS TREATMENT DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSIS PREVENTION TOLL-FREE HIV HEALTH INFOLINE 1-800-822-7422 LOCAL & INTERNATIONAL 415-558-9051 MONDAY–FRIDAY 10–4 PACIFIC TIME EMAIL YOUR QUESTIONS TO
Oral health and common oral conditions in HIV
Oral conditions at a glance TREATMENT TREATMENT DIAGNOSIS ORAL CANDIDIASIS SYMPTOMS PREVENTION TREATMENT AFFECTED AREAS MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX SYMPTOMS PREVENTION DIAGNOSIS PREVENTION AFFECTED AREAS TREATMENT LINEAR GINGIVITIS ERYTHEMA (LGE) DIAGNOSIS SYMPTOMS
Culture, secondary tests that NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE PERIODONTITIS (NUP) PREVENTION TREATMENT SYMPTOMS AFFECTED AREAS TUBERCULOSIS DIAGNOSIS SYMPTOMS TREATMENT AFFECTED AREAS AFFECTED AREAS DIAGNOSIS DIAGNOSIS PREVENTION PREVENTION TREATMENT TREATMENT PREVENTION LYMPHOMA NS, OR NECROTIZING SYMPTOMS STOMATITIS PREVENTION SYMPTOMS AFFECTED AREAS AFFECTED AREAS DIAGNOSIS PROJECT INFORM 1375 MISSION STREET SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103-2621 415-558-8669 WWW.PROJECTINFORM.ORG
A hyperglycaemia kezelése 2-es típusú diabetes mellitusban – kivonat az Amerikai és az Európai Diabetes Társaság (ADA és EASD) konszenzus nyilatkozatából A klasszikus orális antidiabetikumok és inzulinkészítmények mellett az utóbbi években számos új antidiabetikum jelent meg, mely amellett, hogy szélesíti a terápiás lehetőségek palettáját, meg is neh
Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases (2009) 19, 563e570Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and riskof metabolic syndrome and its components´ ,, on behalf of the Nureta-PREDIMED investigatorsa Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,Rovira i Virgili University, Spainb CIBER Fisiopatologı´a de la Obesidad y